eg. Poetry Analisis In English

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Do You Know Formal And Informal Assessment In Learning Process?

INFORMAL ASSESSMENT

Informal assessment

Informal assessment involves observing the learners as they learn and evaluating them from the data gathered. It can be compared to formal assessment, which involves evaluating a learner's level of language in a formal way, such as through an exam or structured continuous assessment.

Example
The teacher has carried out informal assessment of the learners during speaking activities throughout the course by keeping notes about how well individuals are doing in speaking and uses the data gathered to evaluate the learners at the end of the course.

In the classroom
Informal and formal assessments are both useful for making valid and useful assessments of learners' knowledge and performance. Many teachers combine the two, for example by evaluating one skill using informal assessment such as observing group work, and another using formal tools, for example a discrete item grammar test.

 FORMAL ASSESSMENT

Formal assessment

Formal assessment uses formal tests or structured continuous assessment to evaluate a learner's level of language. It can be compared to informal assessment, which involves observing the learners' performance as they learn and evaluating them from the data gathered.

Example
At the end of the course, the learners have a final exam to see if they pass to the next course or not. Alternatively, the results of a structured continuous assessment process are used to make the same decision.

In the classroom

Informal and formal assessments are both useful for making valid and useful assessments of learners' knowledge and performance. Many teachers combine the two, for example by evaluating one skill using informal assessment such as observing group work, and another using formal tools, for example a discrete item grammar test.

Characteristics of Good Teacher

Characteristics of Good Teacher

Teaching is hard work and some teachers never grow to be anything better than mediocre. They do the bare minimum required and very little more. The great teachers, however, work tirelessly to create a challenging, nurturing environment for their students. Great teaching seems to have less to do with our knowledge and skills than with our attitude toward our students, our subject, and our work. Although this list is certainly not all-inclusive, I have narrowed down the many characteristics of a great teacher to those I have found to be the most essential, regardless of the age of the learner:

1. A great teacher respects students. In a great teacher’s classroom, each person’s ideas and opinions are valued. Students feel safe to express their feelings and learn to respect and listen to others. This teacher creates a welcoming learning environment for all students.

2. A great teacher creates a sense of community and belonging in the classroom. The mutual respect in this teacher’s classroom provides a supportive, collaborative environment. In this small community, there are rules to follow and jobs to be done and each student is aware that he or she is an important, integral part of the group. A great teacher lets students know that they can depend not only on her, but also on the entire class.

3. A great teacher is warm, accessible, enthusiastic and caring. This person is approachable, not only to students, but to everyone on campus. This is the teacher to whom students know they can go with any problems or concerns or even to share a funny story. Great teachers possess good listening skills and take time out of their way-too-busy schedules for anyone who needs them. If this teacher is having a bad day, no one ever knows—the teacher leaves personal baggage outside the school doors.

4. A great teacher sets high expectations for all students. This teacher realizes that the expectations she has for her students greatly affect their achievement; she knows that students generally give to teachers as much or as little as is expected of them.

5. A great teacher has his own love of learning and inspires students with his passion for education and for the course material. He constantly renews himself as a professional on his quest to provide students with the highest quality of education possible. This teacher has no fear of learning new teaching strategies or incorporating new technologies into lessons, and always seems to be the one who is willing to share what he’s learned with colleagues.

6. A great teacher is a skilled leader. Different from administrative leaders, effective teachers focus on shared decision-making and teamwork, as well as on community building. This great teacher conveys this sense of leadership to students by providing opportunities for each of them to assume leadership roles.

7. A great teacher can “shift-gears” and is flexible when a lesson isn’t working. This teacher assesses his teaching throughout the lessons and finds new ways to present material to make sure that every student understands the key concepts.

8. A great teacher collaborates with colleagues on an ongoing basis. Rather than thinking of herself as weak because she asks for suggestions or help, this teacher views collaboration as a way to learn from a fellow professional. A great teacher uses constructive criticism and advice as an opportunity to grow as an educator.

9. A great teacher maintains professionalism in all areas—from personal appearance to organizational skills and preparedness for each day. Her communication skills are exemplary, whether she is speaking with an administrator, one of her students or a colleague. The respect that the great teacher receives because of her professional manner is obvious to those around her.

A good teacher is determined. Determined – Finding any means necessary to reach all students no matter the challenge. Teachers must be willing to do anything to ensure that all students receive the education they need. A good teacher is empathetic. Empathetic– Being sensitive to a student’s struggles even though you may not personally be able to relate to them. A teacher must put themselves in the student’s shoes and see it from their perspective. This approach is often transcending in how to help the child succeed. A good teacher is engaging. Engaging – The ability to grab the attention of a classroom full of students and to maintain their attention throughout the entirety of class. A teacher must create lessons that are fun, fresh, and energetic. You want your student to walk out of your class each day looking forward to the next.

A good teacher is evolving. Evolving – A continuous process of year over year improvement and growth. A teacher must continuously look for ways to improve themselves as well as individual lessons or components of lessons. A good teacher is fearless. Fearless – Trying a new approach that may be outside the norm and may receive criticism or scrutiny. A teacher must be willing to try anything within the parameters of school policy to reach their students. They must also be ready to defend their approach to criticism. A good teacher is forgiving. Forgiving – Quickly putting incidents with student, parents, or other teachers behind you so that it does not impact your teaching. Teachers must be able to get past hurtful actions or accusations quickly. They must not hold it against any student or let it impact how they teach in the classroom.

A good teacher is generous. Generous – Volunteering for extra assignments and/or giving money out of your own pocket for classroom needs or individual student needs. Teachers do not make enough money, but most teachers are willing to donate time and/or money to help out in areas where a need is recognized. A good teacher has grit. Grit – The determination to overcome any obstacle in the way of obtaining a long term goal. A teacher must possess the grit necessary to make the personal sacrifices necessary to ensure that every goal is reached every year. A good teacher is inspirational. Inspirational – The ability of a teacher to get their students to buy into, believe in, and to be motivated to become life long learners. A teacher should make a lasting inspirational impact that follows a student throughout their life. A good teacher is joyful. Joyful – Coming to class each day in a good mood, excited, and enthusiastic about doing your job. If the teacher has a lousy attitude, the students are going to have lousy attitudes. If the teacher is joyful, the students are going to be joyful. A good teacher is kind. Kind – The ability of a teacher to say and do things that uplifts, motivates, and inspires. Kindness should be innate in all teachers. A mean spirit will turn students off, but a kind spirit is invaluable. A good teacher is organized. Organized – The ability to keep things neat and in order allowing teachers to access materials quickly and to make efficient transitions. Organization is a necessary quality for every teacher.

Teaching encompasses so much that those who are unorganized will be overwhelmed and swallowed up. A good teacher is passionate. Passionate – Teaching with enthusiasm and exuberance on a daily basis because you love the content and your students. A passionate teacher connects with their curriculum and their students which maximizes learning. A good teacher is patient. Patient – The ability to see the whole picture and to understand that the school year is a marathon, not a sprint.

A teacher must never give up on a student. They should continuously try new strategies understanding that eventually something will work. A good teacher is resilient. Resilient – Not allowing adversity to stop you from accomplishing your goals. A teacher must be resilient in overcoming the many obstacles that will present themselves over the course of a year. A good teacher is resourceful. Resourceful – Finding a way to make things happen.

A teacher must be able to figure out how to get supplies and materials for their classroom when the funding is not available and to reach a student who has no interest in learning. A good teacher is trustworthy. Trustworthy – The ability to get others around you to believe in you and what you are doing. A teacher must gain the trust of both their students and parents. Any distrust will negatively impact the classroom. A good teacher is vulnerable. Vulnerable – Allowing your students to gain insight into your life without revealing a lot. Vulnerability allows students to relate to their teachers as they share in common interests such as sports, television, etc.

Diunduh: 12 Agustus 2014

Read more: -http://www.citruscollege.edu/stdntsrv/cfte/Pages/Characteristics.aspx

                  -- See more at: http://www.facultyfocus.com/articles/philosophy-of-teaching/nine-characteristics-of-a-great-teacher/#sthash.RyPuzVte.dpuf

Indonesia’s education system is one of the worst in the world according to a recent report.

Indonesia has the fourth largest education system in the world yet in a landmark education report of 50 nations Indonesia ranked last.  For a country that has been experiencing a stable 5 to 6 percent annual economic growth rate and is classed as a middle income country by the World Bank, it is sad that it’s education system and thus it’s youth are not benefitting.

So why did it rank so poorly?

The answer, as is often the case with developing countries still finding their feet as a democracy, appears to be corruption.  Even more tragic.  The funding is there but it ends up in the pockets of corrupt civil servants and not in classrooms.

East 101′s recent investigation highlighted some shocking facts about the Indonesian education system including:

·      Only a third of Indonesian students – in a country where 57 million attend school – complete basic schooling.

·      Education experts say less than half of the country’s teachers possess even the minimum qualifications to teach properly and teacher absenteeism hovers at around 20 percent. Many teachers in the public school system work outside of the classroom to improve their incomes.

·      Indonesian Corruption Watch claims there are very few schools in the country that are clean of graft, bribery or embezzlement – with 40 percent of their budget siphoned off before it reaches the classroom.

One of the Indonesian government’s responses to these findings has been to restructure the Indonesian curriculum, including postponing teaching science, geography and ENGLISH until students attend secondary school.  For a nation economically prospering, geographically located in a region that looks set to be at the forefront of world economics and politics it seems a bemusing choice to make.

Moreover the Indonesian education system does not encourage independent, creative thought but focusses more on learning by rote.  Discipline is strict, commendation little and many students are expelled for what in the western world we would consider slight misbehaviour.

The future success of communities and thus nations depends on today’s youth and the education they access. Nowhere is education more important than in the world’s poorest communities.

The education system in place in the Mentawais is characterised by many of the above facts.  Often schools are closed as there are no teachers to teach.  Materials and equipment are lacking or at best basic.  Books few and far between.   Technology non-existent.  Teachers poorly quailfied.

At a Liquid Future we are working hard to change that.  A communications tower is being put in at a nearby town which will provide internet access.  With money from upcoming fundraisers we are hoping to put in an internet connection and provide two computers to use as teaching resources and a salary for a local English teacher who is keen to be a part of the programme and include local Mentawai culture in his classes.

Providing the youth of Katiet and the surrounding villages with access to knowledge and information will empower them to play a role in the many changes their area is going to see over the coming years.  The local Mentawai government has already blue-printed extensive parts of the beach area here for tourist development.  It would be a win-win situation for the local community, tourists and the environment if the upcoming local generation are informed, knowledgeable leaders able to be a part of it.

To read and watch East 101′s in depth report into Indonesia’s education system please click on the link:

Educating Indonesia

Diunduh: 10 Agustus 2014

Read more: http://www.aliquidfuture.com/indonesias-education-system-is-one-of-the-worst-in-the-world-according-to-a-recent-report/

Using Games in Teaching English to Young Learners

I. How to Choose a Game

Students may wish to play games purely for fun. Teachers, however, need more convincing reasons. 'Teachers need to consider which games to use, when to use them, how to link them up with the syllabus, textbook or programme and how, more specifically, different games will benefit students in different ways (Khan, J.1996).' The key to a successful language game is that the rules are clear, the ultimate goal is well defined and the game must be fun.

Below are some questions which we might consider as we choose a game:

· Which language does the game target?

· Which skills does it practice? The language skill focus could be any one of the major skills of listening, speaking, reading or writing.

· What type of game is it?

· What's the purpose for using it?

· Does it fit the students? How could I simplify or make it more complex if necessary? Many games require modification in use when the students' need are taken into consideration.

· How much interaction and participation is there? Maximum involvement is something we are pursuing.

· Do I like the game myself?

II. Hints and Suggestions

· When giving instructions to beginners, a few words in the mother tongue would be the quickest way to make everything clear. More English exposure is needed at a later stage.

· Games are best set up by demonstration rather than by lengthy explanation.

· It is very important not to play a game for too long. Students will begin to lose interest. It is best to stop a game at its peak.

III. The "Magic Matchbox" Game

This is a guessing game played by teams to practice numbers.

· Exponent: How many? There are…

· Additional benefits: genuine communication; hidden drilling; teamwork

· Language needed: numbers 1 to 11

· Time: 10 to 15 minutes

· Material: 1 matchbox; 11 toothpicks per person

· Preparation

1. The teacher challenges the students to count the 11 toothpicks in his/her hand. To model the game, the teacher then puts some into the matchbox, shakes it and asks the students to guess how many are inside.

2. The teacher explains how to play the game in the students native language if necessary.

3. The teacher divides the class into two teams, giving each team an English name, eg. the Roosters and the Monkeys. Then the teacher write the the team names on the board for scoring during the game.

4. If the class has a large number of students, this is one way to get smaller teams. Choose 10 players from each team by chanting together a 'choosing rhyme' such as the following:

· One, two, three, four,

· O-U-T, OUT!

· (The student chosen is the one you are pointing at on the word OUT!)

5. Each player secretly puts no more than 11 toothpicks into his/her matchbox.

· During the Game

6. The first player from the Roosters stands up, shakes the matchbox in his/her hand. His/her team members shout together 'How many?.' The Monkeys then give the answer by replying 'There are…'.

7. If the guess is the correct number, the Monkeys wins a point. If not, the Roosters get the point.

8. Then switch roles. This time the Monkeys ask and the Roosters guess.

9. The game continues until all the players get a turn.

10. The teacher keeps a record of the points on the board. The team with the most points wins.

Reference

· Khan, J. 1996 'Using games in teaching English to young learners' in (eds)Brumfit, C, Teaching English to Children. From Practice to Principle England: Longman

The Internet TESL Journal, Vol. VIII, No. 8, August 2002
http://iteslj.org/ 

Diunduh: 10 Agustus 2014

Read more: http://iteslj.org/Lessons/Lin-UsingGames.html

Why Learn English: 10 Reasons to Learn English

Why Learn English: 10 Reasons to Learn English 

There are many reasons to learn English, but because it is one of the most difficult languages to learn it is important to focus on exactly why it is you want to learn English. Here we will look at ten great reasons why English is so important. Post this list somewhere you can see it and it will montivate you to keep going even when you are tired of trying to figure out which witch is which!

1. English is the most commonly used language among foreign language speakers. Throughout the world, when people with different languages come together they commonly use English to communicate.

2. Why learn English when it is so difficult? Well, knowing English will make you bilingual and more employable in every country in the world.

3. Despite China, the United States is still a leader in technical innovation and economic development. English is used in the United States and in each of these fields.

4. English is commonly spoken throughout much of the world due to Great Britian’s expansion during the colonial age. People in Australia, New Zealand, Canada, parts of Africa, India, and many smaller island nations speak English. English is the commonly adopted second language in Germany, Norway, Sweden, Denmark and the Netherlands. Speaking English opens these countries and cultures up to you.

5. Another reason why English is so important is that it is the language of science. To excel in science you need to know English.

6. English is based on an alphabet  and, compared to Chinese, it can be learned fairly quickly.

7. English is also the language of the Film Industry and English means you no longer have to rely on subtitles.

8. In the United States, speaking English immediately opens up opportunities regardless of your ethnicity, color, or background.

9. Learn English and you can then teach your children English -- or if they are already learning, you can now communicate with them in English.

10. English speakers in the United States earn more money than non-English speakers. Learning English will open your job prospects and increase your standard of living.

 Diunduh: 10 Agustus 2014

Read more: http://www.5minuteenglish.com/why-learn-english.htm